| Svanbergfjellet Formation |
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| Type | Formation |
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| Unit of | Akademikerbreen Group |
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| Underlies | Draken Formation |
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| Overlies | Grudievbreen Formation |
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| Region | Svalbard |
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| Country | Norway |
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The Svanbergfjellet Formation is a geologic formation in Svalbard. It preserves eukaryotic fossils dating back to the Late Tonian period, around 790 Ma.
Paleobiota
After Butterfield et al, 1994.[2]
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Color key
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Notes
Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited.
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| Paleobiota
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| Genus
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Species
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Notes
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Images
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| Proterocladus
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- P. major
- P. minor
- P. hermannae
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Filamentous green algae, another species is the earliest such fossil found
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| Palaeastrum
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Filamentous eukaryote, possibly a green alga.
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| Pseudotawuia
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Enigmatic eukaryote, bears two unusual kidney-shaped structures at its tip.
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| Tawuia
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Enigmatic eukaryote, possibly an alga.
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| Valkyria
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Filamentous eukaryote, bears several differentiated cells/cell types, possibly placing it at tissue-grade organisation?[2]
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| Cerebrosphaera
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Acritarch
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| Chuaria
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Acritarch
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| Cymatiosphaeroides
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Acritarch
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| Dictyotidium
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Acritarch
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| Germinosphaera
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- G. bispinosa
- G. fibrilla
- G. jankauskasii
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Acritarch
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| Goniosphaeridium
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Acritarch
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| Gorgonisphaeridium
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Acritarch
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| Leiosphaeridia
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- L. crassa
- L. jacutica
- L. tenuissima
- L. wimanii
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Acritarch
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| Osculosphaera
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Acritarch
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| Pterospermopsimorpha
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Acritarch
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| Trachyhystrichosphaera
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Acritarch
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| Gloeodiniopsis
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Cyanobacteria
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| Eoentophysalis
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- E. belcherensis
- E. croxfordii
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Cyanobacteria
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| Polybessurus
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Cyanobacteria
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| Obruchevella
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Cyanobacteria
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| Eosynechococcus
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Cyanobacteria
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| Sphaerophycus
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Cyanobacteria
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| Cephalonyx
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Cyanobacteria
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| Cyanonema
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Cyanobacteria
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| Oscillatoriopsis
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- O. vermiformis
- O. obtusa
- O. amadeus
- O. longa
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Cyanobacteria
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| Palaeolyngbya
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- P. catenata
- P. hebeiensis
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Cyanobacteria
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| Siphonophycus
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- S. thulenema
- S. septatum
- S. robustum
- S. typicum
- S. kestron
- S. solidum
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Cyanobacteria
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| Tortunema
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Cyanobacteria
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| Brachypleganon
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Cyanobacteria
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| Chlorogloeaopsis
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Cyanobacteria
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| Digitus
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Cyanobacteria
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| Myxococcoides
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- M. minor
- M. cantabrigiensis
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Cyanobacteria
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| Ostiana
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Cyanobacteria
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| Palaeosiphonella
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Cyanobacteria
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References
- ^ Mughal, Sanaa; Millikin, Alexie E. G.; Zhang, Tianran; Gibson, Timothy M.; Rooney, Alan D.; Tosca, Nicholas J.; Bergmann, Kristin D.; Strauss, Justin V.; Anderson, Ross P. (25 February 2025). "The Svanbergfjellet Formation: eukaryotic life in a Tonian Sea". Journal of the Geological Society. 182 (3). doi:10.1144/jgs2024-083.
- ^ a b Butterfield, Nicholas J.; Knoll, Andrew H.; Swett, Keene (15 July 1994). "Paleobiology of the Neoproterozoic Svanbergfjellet Formation, Spitsbergen". Fossils and Strata. 34. doi:10.18261/8200376494-1994-01.