532037 Chiminigagua

532037 Chiminigagua
Chiminigagua and its satellite, imaged by the Hubble Space Telescope on 15 January 2018
Discovery[1]
Discovered by
Discovery date17 March 2013
(announced on 31 March 2014)
Designations
(532037) Chiminigagua
Pronunciation*[ˌʂiminiˈɣaɣua]
Named after
Chiminigagua
2013 FY27
Orbital characteristics[3]
Epoch 2023 Feb 25 (JD 2460000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 4
Observation arc3953 days (10.82 yr)
Earliest precovery date15 March 2011 (Pan-STARRS)
Aphelion81.912 AU (12.2539 Tm)
Perihelion35.199 AU (5.2657 Tm)
58.555 AU (8.7597 Tm)
Eccentricity0.3989
448.08 yr (163,660 d)
215.947°
0° 0m 7.92s /day
Inclination33.290°
186.922°
≈ 2202 June 15 ± 17 days
139.752°
Known satellites1[2][4][5]
Physical characteristics
765+80
−85 km (effective diameter)[2]
742+78
−83 km (primary)[a][2]
0.170+0.045
−0.030[2]
Temperature22 K (perihelion) to
16 K (aphelion)
22.5[6]
3.15±0.03[2][3]

532037 Chiminigagua (provisional designation 2013 FY27) is a large trans-Neptunian object in the scattered disc.[7] It was announced on 31 March 2014 by Scott Sheppard and Chad Trujillo at Cerro Tololo Observatory in Chile.[1] With a nominal diameter of about 740 km (460 mi), Chiminigagua is large enough that some astronomers consider it a possible dwarf planet. Chiminigagua has one unnamed moon about 190 kilometres (120 mi) in diameter.

Numbering and naming

The object received its permanent minor planet catalog number of 532037 from the Minor Planet Center on 18 May 2019.[8] On 11 August 2025, it was officially named Chiminigagua, after the creator god of the Muisca (Chibcha) people that inhabit the Andes mountains in the central part of Colombia;[9]: 11  in the Chibcha language the Ch was apparently pronounced something like an English sh.[10]

The sednoid 2012 VP113 and the scattered-disc object 2013 FZ27 were discovered by the same survey as Chiminigagua and were announced within about a week of one another.

Orbit

Chiminigagua orbits the Sun once every 449 years. It will come to perihelion around November 2202,[3][b] at a distance of about 35.6 AU. It is currently near aphelion, 80 AU from the Sun, and, as a result, it has an apparent magnitude of 22.[1] Its orbit has a significant inclination of 33°.[3]

Physical properties

Chiminigagua has a diameter of about 740 kilometres (460 mi), placing it at a transition zone between medium-sized and large TNOs. Using the Atacama Large Millimeter Array and Magellan Telescopes, its albedo was found to be 0.17, and its colour to be moderately red. Chiminigagua has an absolute magnitude (H) of 3.2,[3] making it the ninth-intrinsically-brightest known trans-Neptunian system.[11]

The brightness of Chiminigagua varies by less than 0.06 mag over hours and days, suggesting that it either has a very long rotation period, an approximately spheroidal shape, or a rotation axis pointing towards Earth.[2]

Chiminigagua is a possible dwarf planet, though not a likely one. Grundy et al. calculate that bodies less than about 1000 km in diameter, with albedos less than ≈0.2 and densities less than ≈1.2 g/cm3, may retain a degree of porosity in their physical structure, having never collapsed into fully solid bodies, and therefore could not be dwarf planets.[12] However, the albedo of Chiminigagua may be around that limit, and there is no way to estimate its density.

Satellite

Satellite
Animation of Chiminigagua and its satellite, imaged by the Hubble Space Telescope from January to July 2018
Discovery[2]
Discovered by
Discovery date15 January 2018
Orbital characteristics[2]
>9800±40 km
≈19 d (for assumed density 1.6 g/cm3)[13]
Satellite of532037 Chiminigagua
Physical characteristics
≈186 km (assuming equal albedos)[2]
Albedo0.170+0.045
−0.030 (assumed)
25.5[6]
6.15[c]

Using Hubble Space Telescope observations taken in January 2018, Scott Sheppard found a satellite around Chiminigagua, that was 0.17 arcseconds away and 3.0±0.2 mag fainter than its primary. The discovery was announced on 10 August 2018.[14] The satellite does not have a provisional designation nor a proper name.[3] Assuming the two components have equal albedos, they are about 742+78
−83 km and 186±20 km in diameter, respectively.[2] Follow-up observations were taken between May and July 2018 in order to determine the orbit of the satellite,[4] but the results of these observations remain yet to be published as of 2022.[6] Once the orbit is known, the mass of the system can be determined.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Assuming the two components have equal albedos
  2. ^ The uncertainty in the time of perihelion passage is ≈1 month (1-sigma) or 3.6 months (3-sigma).[3]
  3. ^ Given the primary's absolute magnitude of H = 3.15 and a magnitude difference of Δm = 3.00 between the primary and satellite, the sum of those magnitudes is the satellite's absolute magnitude, 6.15.[2][6]

References

  1. ^ a b c "MPEC 2014-F82 : 2013 FY27". IAU Minor Planet Center. 31 March 2014. Retrieved 29 March 2018. (K13F27Y)
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Sheppard, Scott; Fernandez, Yanga; Moullet, Arielle (6 September 2018). "The Albedos, Sizes, Colors and Satellites of Dwarf Planets Compared with Newly Measured Dwarf Planet 2013 FY27". The Astronomical Journal. 156 (6): 270. arXiv:1809.02184. Bibcode:2018AJ....156..270S. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aae92a. S2CID 119522310.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: (2013 FY27)" (last observation: 2022-01-09; arc: 10.82 years). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 6 March 2023.
  4. ^ a b Scott Sheppard (21 March 2018). "The Orbit of the Newly Discovered Satellite around the Dwarf Planet 2013 FY27 - HST Proposal 15460". Retrieved 9 September 2018.
  5. ^ Scott Sheppard (7 April 2017). "A Satellite Search of a Newly Discovered Dwarf Planet – HST Proposal 15248". Retrieved 9 September 2018.
  6. ^ a b c d Grundy, Will (21 March 2022). "532037 (2013 FY27)". Lowell Observatory. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
  7. ^ Lakdawalla, Emily (2 April 2014). "More excitement in the outermost solar system: 2013 FY27, a new dwarf planet". www.planetary.org/blogs. The Planetary Society. Retrieved 18 January 2017.
  8. ^ "M.P.C. 47762" (PDF). Minor Planet Circulars (114692). Minor Planet Center: 2256. 18 May 2019. Retrieved 11 August 2025.
  9. ^ "WGSBN Bulletin 5, #19" (PDF). WGSBN Bulletin. 5 (19). International Astronomical Union: 11. 11 August 2025. Retrieved 11 August 2025.
  10. ^ Muysc cubun Project
  11. ^ "JPL Small-Body Database Search Engine: orbital class (TNO) and H < 3.2 (mag)". JPL Solar System Dynamics. Retrieved 1 June 2019.
  12. ^ W.M. Grundy, K.S. Noll, M.W. Buie, S.D. Benecchi, D. Ragozzine & H.G. Roe, 'The Mutual Orbit, Mass, and Density of Transneptunian Binary Gǃkúnǁʼhòmdímà ((229762) 2007 UK126)', Icarus [1] Archived 7 April 2019 at the Wayback Machine doi: 10.1016/j.icarus.2018.12.037,
  13. ^ Johnston, Wm. Robert (27 May 2019). "(532037) 2013 FY27". Johnston's Archive. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
  14. ^ Green, Daniel W. E. (10 August 2018). "CBET 4537: 2013 FY27". Central Bureau Electronic Telegram. Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams. Retrieved 9 September 2018.
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